Electromagnetic-wave detector.



C. S. LENZ. ELECTROMAGNETIC'WAVE DETECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED Aue.z9, 1914. RENEWED MAR. 14.1916.

1w mm. Patentd May 2,1916

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CHARLES SIGFRID LENZ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

EL-ECTROMAGNE'ITC-WKVE FEIEGI'OR.

ercer.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented'll/llay 2, 1916.

Application filed August 29, 1914, Serial No. 859,169. Renewed March 14, 1916. Serial No. 84,239.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES S. LENZ, a

citizen of the United States, residing atNew York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements Detectors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in electro-magnetic wave detectors or rectifiers employed in wireless receiving circuits, and has particular application to detectors of the type employing electrodes formed of crystal compounds.

In carrying out the present invention, it is my purpose to improve and simplify the general construction of electro-magnetic wave detectors of the crystal compound type and to provide a detector which will be extremely sensitive and respond to electro magnetic waves of the minimum intensity.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth in and falling within the scope of the claims.

In the accompanying drawing, the figure is a diagrammatic view of an electro-magnetic wave detector constructed in accordance with the present invention and the circuit connections of such detector.

Referring now to the drawing in detail, A designates my improved detector as an entirety, such detector comprising axially alining tubes 1, 2 having the confronting ends thereof suitably spaced apart and slidably -mounted within spring clamps or brackets 3, 3 respectively appropriately fastened' to a-baseboard 4 and designed to hold the tubes 1, 2 in any desired positiomthe tubes being capable of relative sliding movement within the clamps so that the distance,

between the adjacent ends thereof may be varied. 1

Located upon the baseboard 4 at one-side of the tubes 1 and 2 is a single pole single throw switch 5 comprising a pivot stud 6 secured to the base adjacent to one edge thereof, contact jaws 7 8 secured to the base adjacent to the opposite end edge thereof and a blade 9 having one end pivotally connected to the stud 6 and the opposite end equipped with a handle 10 of insulating ma;- terial, such blade being capable of swingfng movement to engage the contact jaws 7 an in Electromagnetic-Wave 8 simultaneously and disengage such jaws.

Disposed within the tube 1 is an electrode 11 formed of a crystal compound hereinafter specifically described, while secured within the tube2 is a spring 12 capable of conducting an electric current and having one end projecting out of the tube 2 facing the tube 1 and provided with an anode 13 of high resistance adapted to bear against the adjacent. end of the electrode 11 within the tube 1'. 14 designates a transformer of the wireless receiving set having one end of the primary winding 15 connected with an aerial 16 and the opposite endgrounded as at 17, while one end of the secondary winding 18 of the transformer is connected by way of a conductor 19 with a binding post 20 upon the baseboard 4 and from the binding post 20 leads a wire 21 terminally connected with the contact jaw 7. Fromthe remaining terminal of the secondary winding 18 of the transformer leads a conductor 22 connected to a binding post 23 on the baseboard 4 and from the binding post 23 leads a wire 24 connected to the spring 12 within the tube 2. 25 designates a pair of head receivers having the terminals thereof connected respectively with the contact jaw 7 and the contact jaw 8 and from the contact jaw 8 leads a wire 26 connected with the electrode 11 in the tube 1. In the present instance, a branch wire 27 leads from the wire 24 to the contact stud 6 of the switch 5 and condensers 28, 29 are connected across the terminals of the head receivers 25 and the secondary winding 18 of the transformer respectively.

In practice, when the switch blade 9 is in open position, that is, to say, out of engagement with the contact studs 7 and 8, the head receivers and the detector are connected in series with each other and with the secondary winding of the transformer so that when electro-motive-force is induced in the secondary winding, incident to the electro-magnetic waves passing through the primary of the transformer 10, the electrode 11 in the tube 1 will be influenced to vary the resistance in the detector A whereby the electro-rnotive-force flowing through such circuit will produce sounds in the head receivers 25,'current flowing from one side of the secondary winding 18 of the transformer, through the conductor 19, binding post 20, wire 21, jaw 7, head receivers 25, jaw 8, wire 26, electrode 11, anode 1 3, spring 12, Wire 24: and conductor 22 to the other terminal of the secondary winding. When it is desired to adjust the detector, the tubes 1 and 2 may be moved toward or away from each other so that the pressureof the anode 13 on the electrode 11 within the tube. 1 will be varied. On the other hand, when it is desired to cut the detector and the head receivers out of service, the switch blade 9 of the switch 5 is swung to closed position, that is, into engagement with the contact studs 7 and 8, thereby short circuiting the head receivers 25 and the detector A and connecting the wire 21 with the wire 27..

In accordance with my present invention and as an essential part thereof, the electrode 9 is formed of a crystal compound consisting of a natural formation of lead,

copper, iron,'aluminum, zinc and magnesia, as I have discovered, by actual tests, that this ore is approximately twenty-five per cent. 'more eflicient than any existing detecting or rectifying combination of elements now known or used. This natural crystal compound in the vein embodies thirty-six parts of lead, eighteen of copper, eleven of iron, thirteen of aluminium, fourteen of zinc and eight of magnesia intersecting a body of carboniferous substance showing traces of having been subjected, during the formation, to great pressure and heat, probably of a volcanic origin, the percentage of metals in relation to each other varying greatly in the difierent specimens tested, the

above percentages being an average of several tests. Ihe substance is found embedded in fine veins in flint, quartz and hard sandstone and is of rough formation and in irregular layers with small saucer-like depressions on surfaces and is of a brilliant ap pearance and found among silver head ores in small isolated lumps. The subject specimens were obtained from the Arizona Venture Corporation in the Cedar district Mohave county, Arizona, U. S. A. at an altitude of 4000 feet above sea level.

While I have herein shown and described one preferred form of my invention by way of illustration, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit or confine myself to the precise details of construction herein described and delineated, as modification and variation may be made within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A detector for electro-magnetic waves including an electrode consisting of a natural formation of lead, copper, iron, aluminum, zinc and magnesia.

2. A detector for electrdmagnetic waves including an electrode formed of lead, copper, iron, aluminum, zinc and magnesia.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES SIGFRID LENZ.

Vitnesses:

HENRY ALBERT PEARCE, 1 RICHARD Prnorrnn.

Copies 02 this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner pt Yatenta, WashingtomD. G." 

